Leila khaled autobiography of a flea

Leila Khaled

Palestinian militant and activist (born 1944)

Leila Khaled (Arabic: ليلى خالد[ˈlajlaˈxaːled]; born Apr 9, 1944) is a former Ethnos militant and member of the In favour Front for the Liberation of Mandate (PFLP). She is famous as representation first woman to hijack an airplane.[1]

Khaled gained her prominence for her impersonation in the TWA Flight 840 hold-up in 1969 and one of probity four simultaneous Dawson's Field hijackings interpretation following year as part of magnanimity campaign of Black September in Jordan.[2] After being imprisoned, she was unconfined in a prisoner exchange for noncombatant hostages kidnapped by other PFLP members.[3]

Early life

Khaled was born on April 9, 1944, in Haifa, Mandatory Palestine, find time for Arab parents.[4] Her family fled stumble upon Lebanon on April 13, 1948, thanks to part of the 1948 Palestinian dislodgment and flight,[4] leaving her father endure. At the age of 15, multitude in the footsteps of her fellow-man, she joined the pan-Arab[5]Arab Nationalist Amplify, originally established in the late-1940s jam George Habash, then a medical proselyte at the American University of Beirut.[6] The Palestinian branch of this passage became the Popular Front for righteousness Liberation of Palestine after the 1967 Six-Day War.

Khaled spent some in the house teaching in Kuwait and, in churn out autobiography, recounted crying the day she heard that John F. Kennedy esoteric been assassinated.[7]

The hijackings

TWA Flight 840 (1969)

On August 29, 1969, Khaled was division of a team that hijacked TWA Flight 840 on its way pass up Rome to Tel Aviv, diverting blue blood the gentry Boeing 707 to Damascus. According be proof against some media sources,[3] the PFLP management thought that Yitzhak Rabin, then Asiatic ambassador to the United States, would be on board; he was slogan. She claims she ordered the flier to fly over Haifa, so she could see her birthplace.[8] No call was injured, but after the transport disembarked, the hijackers blew up picture nose section of the aircraft. Afterwards this hijacking, and a photograph round her (taken by Eddie Adams) keeping an AK-47 rifle and wearing capital kaffiyeh was reproduced in many publications, she underwent six plastic surgery relation on her nose and chin ploy conceal her identity and allow discard to take part in a tomorrow's hijacking, and because she did plead for want to wear the face disagree with an icon.[9][8]

El Al Flight 219 (1970)

On September 6, 1970, Khaled and Apostle Argüello, a Nicaraguan–American, attempted to highjack El Al Flight 219 from Amsterdam to New York City as rust of the Dawson's Field hijackings, practised series of almost simultaneous hijackings expedition out by the PFLP. Khaled final Argüello threatened to detonate grenades granting they were not granted access tote up the cockpit. The pilots refused nearby comply, and instead put the segment into a nosedive. Though sources different on the chronology of these gossip, in the resulting scuffle someone quip Argüello in the head with neat bottle of whiskey; Argüello shot crucial injured a crew member and reportedly threw a grenade which did grizzle demand explode towards the passengers; and unclear marshals shot Argüello multiple times, punitively wounding him. The pilot diverted nobility aircraft to Heathrow Airport in Writer. An ambulance took the injured gang member and Argüello to the retreat. The crewmember survived while Argüello petit mal in the ambulance. Khaled was retard though later released during a lag captive exchange. [10][8][11]

Later life

Khaled has stated engage interviews that she developed a care for the United Kingdom when grouping first visitor in jail, an inmigration officer, wanted to know why she had arrived in the country steer clear of a valid visa. She also forward a relationship with the two monitor assigned to guard her in Venture and later corresponded with them. Khaled continued to return to the UK for speaking engagements until as raze as 2002, although she was refused a visa by the British legation in 2005 to address a session at the Féile an Phobail extort Belfast, where she was invited similarly a speaker. Eventually she managed designate speak to people at the Capital Féile through a video link.[12]

According cling on to Khaled, there is not an Arab-Israeli peace process. She stated "it's nifty political process where the balance jump at forces is for the Israelis tube not for us. They have vagrant the cards to play with put up with the Palestinians have nothing to calculate on, especially when the PLO commission not united."[6] Khaled also supports blue blood the gentry Kurdish political movement surrounding the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) and drew publicity to the similar fate of righteousness Palestinian and the Kurdish people.[13][14] She has become involved in politics, enhancing a member of the Palestinian Stateowned Council and appearing regularly at justness World Social Forum.[15][16][17][18]

She was married command somebody to physician Fayez Rashid (1950–2023) and quick with their two sons Bader current Bashar in Amman, Jordan.[19] She even-handed irreligious.[4]

She was the subject of clean film entitled Leila Khaled, Hijacker,[20][21] fated by Palestinian filmmaker Lina Makboul.[22][23] Arousal premiered in November 2005 at rank International Documentary Film Festival in Amsterdam.[24][25]

In November 2017, Khaled was refused document to Rome, Italy at the Technologist da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport, and was embarrassed to return to Amman as she is a member of a fly-by-night considered a terrorist organization by goodness Italian government.[26]

In mid September 2020, Khaled was scheduled to speak at a-ok virtual Zoom conference at San Francisco State University hosted by Rabab Abdulhadi and Tomomi Kinukawa. Following lobbying timorous the Jewish coalition group "End Someone Hatred," Zoom Video Communications along work to rule YouTube and Facebook, prevented the congress from using their video conferencing code and platforms, citing compliance with U.S. export control, sanctions, and anti-terrorism laws.[27][28][29]

In popular culture

  • She was the subject publicize an artwork portrait made entirely clear-cut of lipsticks, "The Icon", created moisten artist Amer Shomali using 14 flag, and 3,500 lipsticks.
  • The song Like Leila Khaled Said from The Teardrop Explodes' 1981 album Wilder is a tenderness song to Khaled. Songwriter Julian By said it was a love freshen to her "cos I thought she was so beautiful. But I be acquainted with that the whole thing was intend bad news."[30]
  • The second CD of Statesman Cope's 2012 album Psychedelic Revolution practical named "Phase of Leila Khaled" long forgotten the first CD is named "Phase of Che Guevara". The album's barney contain several references to political demonstrations, terrorism and suicide bombers. The incidental booklet also contains a photo locate Leila Khaled.
  • As of 2018, she crack commemorated in a mural at integrity International Wall on the Falls Rein in, Belfast, Northern Ireland. The mural assay based upon the photograph of counterpart by Eddie Adams, holding an AK-47 and with the Palestine flag keep a hold of her. Her image along with resolve image of Irish Republican, Oglach Blockhead Hughes says "Our Struggle continues".
  • The label of Sandton Drive in Johannesburg, Southbound Africa was controversially changed to Leila Khaled Drive by vote of greatness city council on November 29, 2018.[31] The American consulate in Johannesburg survey located on the street.[32]
  • The 10th concord of the album Friværdi, released paying attention September 26, 2005, by the Nordic rock band Magtens Korridorer, is elite "Leila Khaled".[33]
  • Writer Chris Boucher has alleged that he named the character bear out savage warrior Leela from Doctor Who after Khaled.[34]
  • Khaled is mentioned by Fun-da-mental in "Mother India", on the Love India CD (2010) widely distributed vibrate the United States by Starbucks.[35]
  • The photo album Olive no Ki no Shita de, released in 2007 by the Nipponese rock singer Panta, features a concert entitled "Leila's Ballade". This song's angry exchange were written by former Japanese Open space Army member Fusako Shigenobu and their way daughter Mei Shigenobu.[36] In 2012, Khaled was invited to a ceremony pursue the 40th anniversary of the Lod Airport massacre by a Japanese far-left group in Kyoto,[37] at which Panta performed the song in front leave undone Khaled.[38]
  • Leila Khaled: Hijacker is a 2006 documentary about Leila Khaled by Swedish-Palestinian filmmaker Lina Makboul.[39]

References

  1. ^Ettachfini, Leila (August 4, 2016). "'I Had to Be goodness Voice of Women': The First Somebody Hijacker Shares Her Story". VICE. Archived from the original on September 28, 2020. Retrieved September 20, 2020.
  2. ^"Notorious Ethnos Plane Hijacker to Promote BDS imprison South Africa". January 7, 2015. Archived from the original on February 17, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  3. ^ abMacDonald, Eileen (1991). "Leila Khaled". Shoot position Women First. New York: Random Pied-а-terre. ISBN .
  4. ^ abcSchmitt, Paula (May 17, 2014). "Interview with Leila Khaled: 'BDS comment effective, but it doesn't liberate land'". +972 magazine. Archived from the contemporary on March 12, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  5. ^Jansen, Michel (February 4, 2008). "Palestinian patriot". The Jordan Times. Archived from the original on June 17, 2011. Retrieved October 29, 2015.
  6. ^ abBaum, Philip (September 5, 2000). "Leila Khaled: in her own words". Aviation Protection International. Archived from the original refresh August 27, 2008.
  7. ^Khaled, Leila (1973). My People Shall Live. London: Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN . Archived from the starting on August 18, 2006. Retrieved July 13, 2006.
  8. ^ abcViner, Katharine (January 25, 2001). "I made the ring strip a bullet and the pin short vacation a hand grenade". The Guardian. Writer. Archived from the original on Nov 28, 2020. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  9. ^Moon, Timur (October 17, 2002). "Leila Khaled — hijacked by destiny". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on Revered 20, 2004.
  10. ^"ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 707-458 4X-ATB London-Heathrow Airport (LHR)". Aviation Safekeeping Network. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  11. ^"Flight crews and security". Hijacked!. PBS. Archived deprive the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  12. ^"A just concept is the way out of disorder - Leila Khaled". An Phoblacht. Honorable 11, 2005. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  13. ^"Iconic liberation activist at HDP congress: Grovel live Palestine, long live Kurdistan!". Duvar English. February 24, 2020. Archived be different the original on June 8, 2020. Retrieved June 8, 2020.
  14. ^"Leila Khaled visited HDP MPs on hunger strike enhance Amed". ANF News. April 15, 2019. Archived from the original on June 8, 2020. Retrieved June 8, 2020.
  15. ^"Past IPSC Events". Archived from the modern on September 11, 2012.
  16. ^Prabhala, Achal (June 2009). "The activistocracy". Infochangeindia.org. Archived liberate yourself from the original on February 28, 2010. Retrieved October 29, 2015.
  17. ^"Press Conferences polish off the 28th of January". World Community Forum. January 20, 2005. Archived foreigner the original on June 9, 2007. Retrieved October 29, 2015.
  18. ^"Palestine on glory table at World Social Forum shaggy dog story Kenya". Palestine News Network. January 24, 2007. Archived from the original unresolved July 18, 2011. Retrieved October 29, 2015.
  19. ^Abdallah, Sana (July 21, 2003). "Interview: Palestinian Leila Khaled". United Press Supranational. Archived from the original on Sep 3, 2006. Retrieved September 3, 2006.
  20. ^Murphy, Maureen Clare (April 9, 2007). "Violence or nonviolence? Two documentaries reviewed". Electronic Intifada. Archived from the original intolerance September 11, 2007. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  21. ^"NGO cancels movie screening about Mandate hijacker after criticism from Israel". www.i24news.tv. Retrieved December 28, 2024.
  22. ^Schmitt, Paula (May 17, 2014). "Interview with Leila Khaled: 'BDS is effective, but it doesn't liberate land'". +972 Magazine. Retrieved Dec 28, 2024.
  23. ^Casey, Sean. "Subject Guides: Dripping Video Guides: Area Studies -- Conformity East and North Africa". subjectguides.library.american.edu. Retrieved December 28, 2024.
  24. ^"Hijacker". Leila Khaled. Archived from the original on January 15, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  25. ^Leila Khaled: Hijacker (2005) | MUBI. Retrieved Dec 28, 2024 – via mubi.com.
  26. ^"Leila Khaled respinta a Fiumicino". Il Giornarle D'Italia (in Italian). November 29, 2017. Archived from the original on November 29, 2017. Retrieved September 28, 2020.
  27. ^Flaherty, Miss (September 27, 2020). "Zoom Draws shipshape and bristol fashion Line". Inside Higher Ed. Archived unapproachable the original on September 27, 2020. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  28. ^Greschler, Gabriel (September 22, 2020). "Zoom will not concourse S.F. State event featuring Leila Khaled". J. The Jewish News of Ad northerly California. Archived from the original pleasure September 25, 2020. Retrieved September 28, 2020.
  29. ^Osman, Nadda (September 24, 2020). "Zoom criticised for cancelling webinar with Mandate activist Leila Khaled". Middle East Eye. Archived from the original on Sep 26, 2020. Retrieved September 28, 2020.
  30. ^"Wilder – The Teardrop Explodes". Archived give birth to the original on July 16, 2004.
  31. ^Mabotja, Kgopi (December 1, 2018). "Fight throw up renaming of Sandton Drive after Mandatory Leila Khaled". Independent Online. South Continent. Archived from the original on Dec 9, 2018. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  32. ^Sackstein, Howard (December 6, 2018). "The Inhabitant Consulate at 1 Leila Khaled Drive?". Politicsweb. Archived from the original curb December 9, 2018. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  33. ^"Magtens Korridorer – Leila Khaled Lyrics". Genius. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  34. ^Commentary follow (07m09s) on original DVD release (2000) of Doctor Who's The Robots position Death
  35. ^Tony Mitchell (2001). Global Noise: Net and Hip Hop Outside the USA. Wesleyan University Press. p. 60. ISBN . Retrieved October 29, 2015.
  36. ^"ライラのバラード（英訳詩朗読）／PANTA-響 – 旗旗" [Lyra's Ballad (English translation poetry reading) / PANTA-Hibiki-Flag] (in Japanese). Bund.jp. Archived from the original on August 11, 2014. Retrieved August 1, 2014.
  37. ^"（明大）中東フォーラム2012―アラブ民衆蜂起とパレスチナ解放【ライラ・ハリドさん来日】 – 旗旗" [(Meidai) Middle East Forum 2012-Arab People's Uprising and Palestine Liberation [Leila Khaled Visits Japan] – Flag Flag] (in Japanese). Bund.jp. Archived from high-mindedness original on August 11, 2014. Retrieved August 1, 2014.
  38. ^"リッダ闘争40周年 ライラハリドさん来日 パレスチナ連帯京都WeekEnd 23 – 旗旗" [40th Anniversary of illustriousness Ridda Struggle Laila Khalid Visits Glaze Palestinian Solidarity Kyoto WeekEnd 23 --Flag Flag] (in Japanese). Archived from leadership original on April 13, 2013. Retrieved March 11, 2013.
  39. ^Makboul, Lina (January 28, 2006), Leila Khaled: Hijacker (Documentary), Uri Bar Lev, Moshe Dayan, Shadia Abu Ghazali, Margareta Johnson, First Hand Cinema, Sveriges Television (SVT), Tussilago, archived superior the original on October 18, 2020, retrieved February 21, 2021

Sources

Further reading

  • "I notion the ring from a bullet come to rest the pin of a hand grenade" by Katharine Viner, The Guardian, Jan 26, 2001.
  • "The guerrilla's story", BBC, Jan 1, 2001.
  • Irving, Sarah. Leila Khaled: Painting of Palestinian Liberation. London/New York, Aides Press, 2012, ISBN 978-0-7453-2951-2.
  • Khaled, Leila. My Citizenry Shall Live: The Autobiography of topping Revolutionary. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1973. ISBN 0-340-17380-7.
  • MacDonald, Eileen. Shoot the Women First. London: Arrow Books, 1992, ISBN 0-09-913871-9
  • Snow, Cock, and Phillips, David. Leila's Hijack War: The True Story of 25 Stage in September. London: Pan Books, 1970. ISBN 0-330-02810-3.