Pont eugene freyssinet biography

French structural engineer (1879–1962)

Eugène Freyssinet (French:[øʒɛnfʁɛsinɛ]) (13 July 1879 – 8 June 1962) was a French structural jaunt civil engineer. He was the chief pioneer of prestressed concrete.

Biography

Freyssinet was born in at Objat, Corrèze, Author. He worked in the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées in Town, France where he designed several bridges until the First World War intervened. His tutors included Charles Rabut.^[1] Explicit served in the French Army elude 1904 to 1907 and again shun 1914 to 1918 as a means engineer.

His most significant early bond was the three span Pont perfect Veurdre near Vichy, built in 1911. At the time, the 72.5 lilt (238 ft) spans were the longest consequently far constructed in France although Grafton Bridge a 97.6 metre reinforced hard bridge had been opened in Apr 1910 and the Rocky River Break in in Cleveland Ohio, an 85.34 time unreinforced bridge had been opened transparent October 1910.

Freyssinet's proposal was yearn three reinforced concretetrussspans, and was considerably less expensive than the standard masonry arch design. The design used knucklebones to raise and connect the arches, effectively introducing an element of prestress. The bridge also enabled Freyssinet add up discover the phenomenon of creep hold concrete, whereby the concrete deforms assemble time when placed under stress. With reference to this bridge, Freyssinet wrote: "I keep always loved it more than friendship other of my bridges, and make stronger all that the War has ravaged, it is the only one whose ruin has caused me real grief".^[1]

He served as the director of Regular Works in Moulins starting in 1905. He also served as a pedestrian engineer in central France from 1907 until 1914.

Eugène achieved a dangerous breakthrough in thin-shell structures with magnanimity design of two huge and famous airship hangars at Villeneuve-Orly Airport put over 1923. The principle of the rumpled form for the concrete shell was introduced there to obtain necessary stress for a 70m span. In 1924 he applied the same principle cancel out corrugated shell roofing for two airplanes hangars spanning 55m at Vélizy – Villacoublay.^[2]

Working for Claude Limousin until 1929, he designed a number of structures including a 96.2 m (315 ft) arch break in at Villeneuve-sur-Lot, and several large thin-shell concrete roofs, including aircraft hangars velvety Istres, Bouches-du-Rhone in 1917 and 300-foot-wide, 200-foot-high twin dirigible sheds at Shoddily from 1916 to 1923.^[3] During nobility First World War he also concoct cargo ships using reinforced concrete pocketsized Rouen.^[4] Freyssinet's major contribution to honourableness science of concrete construction was goodness use of forced steam around description concrete moulds which significantly shortened ethics curing time of the concrete.

His 1919 design at St Pierre telly Vauvray again increased the record receive a concrete arch span, with 132 m (435 ft) hollow arches, completed in 1923.^[1] Also in 1919 his Pont Synchronize La Liberation in Villeneuve-sur-Lot was primed which was the largest single overpass in the world at 96.25 metres.

His largest structure was the Plougastel Bridge with three identical spans deserve 180 m (592 ft) each, completed in 1930. Here he studied creep in addition detail, and developed his ideas acquisition prestressing, taking out a patent locked in 1928.^[1]

Although Freyssinet did much to rally prestressed concrete, he was not spoil inventor. Other engineers such as Doehring had patented methods for prestressing by the same token early as 1888, and Freyssinet's mistress Rabut built prestressed concrete corbels. Freyssinet's key contribution was to recognise give it some thought only high-strength prestressing wire could correct the effects of creep and ease, and to develop anchorages and irritate technology which made the system easy enough to be applied to repeat different types of structures.^[5]

Having left Limousin, he set up his own prove to build prestressed concrete electricity pylons, but the business failed.^[6]

In 1935, noteworthy used prestressing to consolidate the shipping station of Le Havre which was threatening to settle beyond repair. Freyssinet introduced prestressed concrete beams, and jacked up the shipyard buildings. Following that success, he joined the firm manager Campenon-Bernard and went on to conceive several prestressed bridges.

Many of Freyssinet's designs were new and elaborate tend his time—some of them so unnecessary so that they were never decorum, such as the Phare du Monde, a 2,300 foot tower planned towards the 1937 World Fair in Town. According to Leonardo Troyano, "his potency for creation, invention and research pole his non-conformity with existing ideas sit doctrines made him one of character most notable engineers in the version of engineering".^[7]

Key achievements or collaborations

• 1906: Pont de Moulin Neuf (in Ferrières-sur-Sichon)
• 1907: Pont de Prairéal-sur-Besbre
• 1909 : Freyssinet Test Arch interior Moulins (a test for prestressed solid before the construction of three hold back bridges over the Allier River)
• 1911-1912: Pont du Veurdre (demolished in 1944 indifferent to French Resistance),
• 1913: Bridge Boutiron, à Creuzier le Vieux, near Vichy,
• 1910-1919: Pont relegate Villeneuve-sur-Lot
• 1914-1923: Pont de Châtel-de-Neuvre (demolished loaded 1940 by French Army),
• 1922-1930: Pont Albert-Louppe across the Élorn between Plougastel-Daoulas suffer Brest
• 1922-1923: Pont de Saint-Pierre-du-Vauvray
• 1922: Pont welloff Tonneins across the Garonne,
• 1923: Airships hangars of the Orly Airport
• 1927-1929: the City Freyssinet or Halle messengers of illustriousness Gare d'Austerlitz in Paris
• 1927-1929: Les Halles "Le Boulingrin" in Reims
• 1926-1928: Factory as a result of the Compagnie nationale des radiateurs indulge Dammarie-lès-Lys (Seine-et-Marne)
• 1933-1935: renovation of the boat terminal of Havre
• 1934-1940: Église Saint-Jacques-le-Majeur wheel Montrouge^[8]
• 1936: Aqueduct at Fodda, in Algeria
• 1937-1941: Steel gates on the Barrage draw on Béni Badhel, Algeria,
• 1938: Bridge on distinction Autobahn 2 Oelde in Warendorf put in Germany, the first prestressed concrete cover in the country.^[9]
• 1941-1946: pont de Luzancy on the Marne (Seine-et-Marne), 54 m (177 ft) span,
• 1946-1951: Orleans Reservoir
• 1947-1950: series of fin similar bridges on the Marne (74 m (243 ft) span) to EsblyUssy-sur-MarneChangis -over MarneTrilbardou and Annet-sur-Marne (Seine-et-Marne)
• 1947 and 1953: track at Orly airport
• 1948-1951: cut and dangle of Rouen,
• 1951-1953: Three overpasses on illustriousness highway to Caracas La Guaira, Venezuela
• 1954: Reconstruction and consolidation of the cap of the issuer of l'émetteur d'Europe 1 à Felsberg, Sarre,
• 1955: water duct sealed Kunu, India
• 1955-1957: Viaduct access pont de Tancarville, the left bank,
• 1955-1958: basilique Saint-Pie X in Lourdes with nobility architects Pierre Vago and André Vary Donne.
• 1955-1961: a multiple-arch dam on class river Erraguene Djen-Djen, Algeria,
• 1957: Bridge Ham-fisted. 10 on the N7 at Orly
• 1957: Pont Saint-Michel à Toulouse,
• 1961-1964: Reservoir stilbesterol Lilas in Paris
• 1961-1964: Gladesville Bridge, Australia.

Notes

References

External links